蔷薇科植物果核油性提取物体内外抗呼吸道病毒效果的观察

Effect of Oiliness Extract from Rose Family Plant Fruit Core Against Respiratory Tract Viruses in vitro and in vivo

目的观察蔷薇科植物果核油性提取物体内外抗呼吸道病毒的效果。方法分别采用红细胞吸附抑制试验和细胞病变作用(CPE)检查,观察不同浓度油性提取物体外抗流感病毒A3株、冠状病毒OC43株和呼吸道合胞病毒E6株的作用。采用小鼠感染模型,观察不同浓度油性提取物滴鼻预防后,抵抗流感病毒A3株和冠状病毒OC43株致死性感染的效果。结果0.5%油性提取物作用1min、0.12%作用5min、0.06%作用10min均可完全抑制流感病毒A3株引起的鸡红细胞吸附现象;0.25%油性提取物作用1min、0.06%作用5min、0.03%作用10min均可完全抑制冠状病毒OC43株引起的小鼠红细胞吸附现象。1.0%油性提取物作用1min、0.25%作用5min、0.12%作用10min均可完全抑制呼吸道合胞病毒E6株引起的CPE。0.12%、0.25%和0.5%油性提取物滴鼻预防后,流感病毒A3株攻击小鼠的存活率分别为30%、90%和100%。0.06%、0.12%和0.25%油性提取物滴鼻预防后,冠状病毒OC43株攻击小鼠的存活率分别为30%、80%和100%。结论较低浓度的蔷薇科植物果核油性提取物即可显示出较强的体内外抗常见呼吸道病毒作用,但体内抗病毒作用有明显的有效剂量阈值。

Objective To determine the effect of oiliness extract from rose family plant fruit core against respiratory tract viruses in vitro and in vivo. Methods The effects of oiliness extract against influenza virus strain A3, coronavirus strain OC43 and respiratory syscytial virus strain E6 in vitro were measured using hemadsorption inhibition test and CPE examination. The prevent effect of nasal medication with oiliness extract against lethal infection of influenza virus strain A3 and coronavirus strain OC43 in mice were observed. Results 0.5%, 0.12% and 0.06% oiliness extract treating influenza virus strain A3 for 1, 5 and 10 min, respectively, could completely inhibit chicken erythrocyte adsorption caused by the virus. 0.25%, 0.06% and 0.03% oiliness extract for 1, 5 and 10 min treatment respectively could completely block mouse erythroeyte adsorption caused by coronavirus strain OC43. CPE caused by respiratory syscytial virus strain E6 were completely absent after the virus treated with 1.0%, 0.25% and 0.12% oiliness extract for 1, 5 and 10 min, respectively. After nasal medication with 0.12%, 0.25% and 0.5% oiliness extract in mice, the survival rates in the animals challenged with lethal dose of influenza virus strain A3 were 30%, 90% and 100%, respectively. The mice with previously nasal medication with 0.06%, 0.12% and 0.25% oiliness extract could resist attack with lethal dose of coronavirus strain 0C43, and the survival rates were 30%, 80% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion The relative low concentrations of oiliness extract from rose family plant fruit core display stronger effects against common respiratory tract viruses in vitro and in vivo, but the anti-virus effects in vivo show obvious effective threshold dependent on the used dosages.