带蒂斜方肌肌皮瓣的应用研究

STUDY OF THE USE OF PEDICLED TRAPEZIUS MYOCUTANEOUS FLAP /

在头颈肿瘤根治性切除手术后的组织缺损修复重建中，经常选用带蒂斜方肌组织瓣。但对该组织瓣的血供和临床应用等问题尚有争议。为此，采用解剖学研究方法，对５７具１１４侧尸体进行解剖，观察斜方肌的形态结构和动脉血供。斜方肌的动脉血供呈多源性，其中肩胛背动脉的出现率为１００％，其起点与颈横动脉共干者占６８．４％，直接单独起始者占３１．６％。临床应用斜方肌上部肌皮瓣６例，下部岛状肌皮瓣７例，获得较好的效果。认为带蒂胸大肌肌皮瓣、斜方肌上部肌皮瓣和下部岛状肌皮瓣三者各有优缺点，并互为补充。临床应用灵活，可提高头颈部癌术后组织缺损修复和功能重建的效果。

In order to observe the morphological feature and blood supply of the pedicled trapezius myocutaneous flap, dissection was carried out on 114 sides of 54 cadavers. It was demostrated that trapezius muscle had multiple sources for its blood supply, including (1) dorsal scapular artery; (2)transvers cervical artery; (3) occipital artery and (4)spinal perforating artery. The dorsal scapular artery may originate from the same stem with the transvers cervical artery (68.4%), or originate seperatly (31.6%). Thirteen patients had radical resection for malignant tumour of head and neck, and were combined with pedicled trapezius myocutaneous flap, in which 6 with upper trapezius myocutaneous flap and 7 with lower trapezius myocutaneous flap. The results were fairly good. the advantages and disadvantages of the lower and upper trapezius myocutaneous flaps as well as the pectorlis major myocutaneous flap were discussed.