甘肃省城镇不同收入水平群体家庭生态足迹计算

The Calculation of Household Ecological Footprint of the Urban Residents Grouped by Income in Gansu

生态足迹是测度环境可持续发展的新方法。家庭生态足迹H(ousehold EcologicalFootprint,H EF)是利用生态足迹方法研究家庭消费所产生的环境影响。通过计算不同收入水平群体的家庭生态足迹,比较不同收入水平群体H EF差异,可以进一步揭示各收入水平群体间存在的“生态足迹掠夺”和生态足迹占用公平性。在阐述家庭生态足迹内涵意义及计算方法的基础上,以甘肃省2002年城镇不同收入水平群体为例进行实证研究。通过计算得到甘肃省2002年不同收入群体的家庭生态足迹分别为:最高收入群1.412×106ghm 2,高收入群1.131×106ghm 2,较高收入群1.860×106ghm 2,中等收入1.793×106ghm 2,较低收入群1.536×106ghm 2,低收入群0.724×106ghm 2,最低收入群0.578×106ghm 2,全省平均1.265×106ghm 2;分析经济收入与家庭生态足迹的关系表明,每增加1000元人均可支配收入,将增大0.2ghm 2家庭生态足迹;引入生态足迹掠夺及总生态足迹掠夺,并进一步计算生态足迹不公平系数为0.24,表明收入不同引起的足迹消费的不公平不突出。

Ecological Footprint is a new tool used to measure the sustainable development of environment.The Ecological Footprint,according to its concept,analyses the impacts of the people on environment and sustainable development by transferring the impacts caused by people through what they have consumed in a period （usually one year）.Household consumption,behavior of the member of a household to sustain the daily life,influencing by the household income is more common to us.Here we can also use the Ecological Footprint to analyses the impact of the household consumption on the environment.This paper not only calculates the Household Ecological Footprint （HEF） of urban residents grouped by income in Gansu in 2002,but also analyses the relationship between dominated income and HEF.As we know,the income of a household,actually the dominated income,predominates the consumption level and style,and then causes the different quantities and compositions of HEF.Further,we get the Ecological Footprint Depredation （EFD） which we define as the difference between each colony and HEF of the average dominated income colony and the total EFD which sums up the EFD of each group. We calculate the Ecological Footprint unjust coefficient which imitated the calculation of the Gini factor.The results shows that the HEF for each group is 1.412×10^6ghm^2（the highest income group）, 1.131×10^6ghm^2（high）, 1.860 ×10^6ghm^2 （higher）, 1.793×10^6ghm^2（moderate）, 1.536×10^6ghm^2 （lower）,0.724 ×10^6ghm^2（low）,0.578×10^6ghm^2（the lowest）,and the provincial-average is 1.265×10^6ghm^2.Because of the size variations in each group,the total HEF of each group,as we showed in the text,is not ordered exactly to the per capita HEF.The Ecological Footprint unjust coefficient is 0.24 which shows that the unjust HEF of each group is not obvious.