T-2毒素致雏鸡关节软骨损伤的组织化学观察

Histochemical investigation on the damage of chick articular cartilage induced by T-2 toxin

目的用组织化学方法观察T-2毒素致雏鸡关节软骨损害的早期改变,以便在分子水平上寻找生物标志,为今后研制或筛选骨关节炎特异性治疗药物奠定理论基础。方法 30只AA雏鸡被分为3组,经口滴入T-2毒素,剂量分别为0、100、600μg／kg体质量,5周后将雏鸡处死,取左侧膝关节,4％多聚甲醛溶液固定,用组织化学方法观察T-2毒素致雏鸡关节软骨损害的早期改变。结果 T-2毒素组出现了骨软骨病的病理改变:增殖层软骨细胞大量增生、拥挤,细胞变形、变小,细胞柱排列紊乱,骺板软骨形成一大软骨块向干骺端嵌入,在增殖层和过渡层之间出现大面积的软骨细胞坏死;且增殖层软骨细胞Alcian blue和VG染色减弱或消失。结论 T-2毒素可使雏鸡关节软骨出现类关节炎改变;而且用组织化学方法检测胶原和蛋白聚糖(PG)含量,可作为骨关节病病理过程坏变或好转的生物标志。

Objective To investigate the early damage of chick articular cartilage induced by T-2 toxin with histochemieal technology, in order to find out the biological markers in molecular level, and to establish the basis for developing or screening specific drugs for osteoarthritis （OA） in the future. Methods 30 AA chicks were divided into 3 groups, and were treated with T-2 toxin by oral drop, and the dose was 0, 100 and 600μg/kg of body weight, respectively. After 5 weeks, chicks were sacrificed. The left knee joints were collected and fixed in 4% polyformaldehyde, and the early changes of chick articular cartilage induced by T-2 toxin were investigated with histochemistry. Results In T-2 toxin groups, the pathologic changes of osteochondrosis （OC） were seen, namely chondrocytes in growing plate were over proliferated, crowded, deformed and disarranged, due to the crowded chondrocytes, a big cartilage block from growing plate embedded into epiphyseal cartilage end and extensive necrosis was seen between proliferating layer and transitional layer. The staining of Weigert/Van Gieson and Alciarg PAS weakened or even disappeared. Conclusions Osteoarthritis-like changes in chick articular cartilage can be induced by T-2 toxin, and the content of collagen and proteoglycan determined by histochemistry is an early biological markers of OA.