冬虫夏草研究的回顾与展望

A Review and Prospect on the Studies of Cordyceps Sinensis(Berk)Sacc

冬虫夏草是蝠蛾属幼虫被中国被毛孢寄生后形成的虫菌复合体,是我国特有的名贵药材。由于其珍稀并具有特殊功效,而倍受关注。文章系统论述了我国冬虫夏草的研究概况,包括蝠蛾属昆虫的种类与地理分布、生物学特性、寄主植物、冬虫夏草菌的分离与鉴定、冬虫夏草的生物活性成分与药理作用,以及近20多年来仿冬虫夏草的人工培育及野生冬虫草孕育工程,并提出了有待进一步研究的问题。

Cordyceps sinensis （Berk） Sacc is a complex of the genus Hepialus larvae parasitized by Hirsutella sinensis Liu et al. and the fungi, and also a famous traditional Chinese medicines, widespread research was carried out in many institutes and medical departments due to its exiguity and special efficacy on human health. This paper systematically reviewed the advances on the studies of C. sinensis, including the species compositions and geographical distribution of the Hepialus insects, the insect biological characteristics, the host plants of the insects, the separation and identification of H. sinensis, and the bioactive compositions and pharmacological action of C. sinensis. The researches on the cultivation of imitated C. sinensis during two past decades were also summarized and the problems existed in the studies were put forward for further investigations.