中国石油企业跨国经营的政治风险分析

The Overseas Management Strategy of Chinese Oil Corporations under the Political Risk Evolvement

政治风险一直是跨国公司跨国经营的一个敏感而又复杂的问题,尤其对于像经营石油这样的政治商品和战略物资的企业而言。当今世界的政治风险已由如战争、征收、国有化等传统型向更为复杂而隐蔽的非传统型风险演化。伴随着这种演化,石油跨国企业必须要充分识别并进行适当的战略调整,以规避政治风险。文章首先回顾政治风险理论及政治不断演化的特征,在此基础上分析中国石油企业跨国经营战略所面临的政治风险,并从加强风险评估、战略性选择进入地区、适当的股权性安排、构筑国际战略联盟以及强化内部管理等方面探讨了应对政治风险的策略。

Political risk is always a sensitive and complicated issue for MNCs, especially for those corporations running political goods and strategic materials such as oil. Nowadays, political risk has transferred from the traditional form such as war,expropriation, nationalization to the nontraditional form which is more complicated and covert over the world. With the evolvement, oil MNCs must identify the risks and make appropriate strategy adjustment to avoid political risks. On the basis of reviewing the theory of political risk and the character of risk transfer, this paper analyses the political risk of overseas management strategy confronted with Chinese oil corporations and discuss the avoidance way from strengthening the risk valuation, entering the region on strategic choice, the appropriate arrangement of a share and constructing the international strategic alliance and enhancing the internal management.