无人驾驶飞行器的气动特点和设计

Aerodynamic Characteristics of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Its Shape Design

首先论述了发展无人驾驶飞行器(UAV)的重要性,集中介绍了2种UAV的平台,包括:高空长航时UAV和无人战斗机(UCAV)。讨论了这2种飞行器空气动力特点和气动设计的主要问题。对于高空长航时UAV设计中要重点发展的专用翼型的设计,介绍了一种新型的杂交设计思想和提出了基于CFD技术的多目标多点优化设计的工具。讨论了此类飞行器三维机翼设计的基本要求和三维后掠自然层流机翼的设计UCAV设计中强调了气动/隐身综合设计的重要性,讨论了无尾布局时新型先进气动控制和矢量推进相结合的必要和难点。

The importance of developing unmanned aerial vehicles（UAV） is discussed first. Two types of UAV including high altitude long endurance（HALE） UAV and unmanned combat air vehicles（UCAV） are intro dueed. The key elements of their aerodynamic characteristics and shape design are discussed. A new hybrid de sign idea and a multi-objective/multi point optimization design method based on CFD are given as a design tool for special profiles of a HALE UAV. The basic requirements of its 3D wing design and its 3D natural laminar flow wing design are discussed too. The importance of aerodynamic/stealthy performance integral design is emphasized for the design of UCAV. The necessity and hardness of blending the advanced aerodynamic control and the vector propulsion for UCAV＇s flying wing configuration are pointed out.