试论我国柑橘加工业发展方向

Study on the Development of Citrus Processing Industries in China

世界柑橘年产量已超过1亿t,其中40%用于加工,以橙汁为主。尽管我国柑橘年产量已接近1500万t,居世界第2,但是95%用于鲜销,鲜销市场趋于饱和;我国橘瓣罐头年产量35万t左右,出口约25万t,橘瓣罐头市场已趋于饱和;我国目前橙汁年产量2万t左右,96%的橙汁消费量依靠进口,长江三峡库区正在建设亚洲最大的橙汁加工基地,橙汁生产将是我国柑橘产业发展的动力和方向。浓缩橙汁是今后相当长时期内的主要产品,NFC(鲜冷汁)橙汁可能是10年后有发展潜力的产品,柑橘全果罐头将是罐头类的潜在新产品。由于巴西和美国的柑橘产业遭受严重病害和自然灾害等肆虐,今后10年将是我国橙汁加工产业发展的关键时期。

Annual production of citrus fruits in the world has exceed 100 millions tons, 40 % of them was processed and juice is the most dominant product. China produced around 15 millions tons citrus fruits which is No. 2 in the world last year. But 95% of them were sale freshly where the market is almost full. To solve the problem, new ways in the citrus processing industries need to be developed. In addition, around 350 000 tons canned citrus produced in China annually, among them 250 000 tons were exported which takes more than 70% of the whole world trade. As for organge juice, 20 000 tons were produced yealy in China, 96 % consumption are need to be imported. The biggest orange juice production in Asia is being built in the lake area of Three Gorge dam. Orange juice processing will drive main development of citrus industry in China in China in the future. FCOJ will be the main product in next few years, NFC orange juice is a potential product in 10 years, and the peeled citrus fruits will be a new potential product of canned citrus. The coming 10 years will be the key stage for China orange juice industry development.