我国开发环境责任保险的必要性与可行性分析

The Importance and Possibilty of Developing Environment Labiltty Insurance in China

环境责任保险有利于维护公众的利益,有利于企业经营的稳定,有利于对环境污染的监管,有利于我国保险业的发展,有利于社会的安定,也有利于国家财政负担的减轻。但是,由于环境责任风险具有基本风险的特征,导致保险公司的经营风险增加,影响了保险公司的开发积极性,价格偏高制约了投保人的有效需求,公众维护自身权益的意识有待加强以及相关法律、法规不完善也严重地阻碍了环境责任保险的开发,因此,政府应该通过税收优惠、强制保险和完善法律、法规扶持环境责任保险的开发,保险业应通过限制保险金额、规定绝对免赔额和利用再保险降低和转移经营风险,厂家应积极购买环境责任保险来转移环境责任风险。

Environment lability insurance is benefit for protecting consumers＇ right, for the running smooth of enterprises, for the development of the insurance industry, for the stability of society and for the decreasing of the burden on national finance. Because environment lability risk owns the characteristic of basic risk, the enthusiasm of insurance company to develop this kind of product is effected by the running risk, the valid need is restricted by the high price, the development is held back because consumers do not realize their right completely or the related laws are not perfect. Government should support developing such product ：by favorable taxation, imposed insurance and perfect law. Insurance industry should decrease and transfer running risk by restricting sum insured and using deductible and reinsurance. Enterprise should buy such product actively.