从系统学角度透视生态旅游利益相关者结构关系

Viewing the Structure Relationship among Ecotourism Stakeholdersfrom the Perspective of Systematology

从系统动力学著名的“内生”理论角度分析,生态旅游可持续发展的关键就是要建立各利益相关者之间的利益均衡机制,从而形成一体化的共生系统。本文将政府、社区、保护区、旅游企业和生态旅游者五个主要利益相关者作为生态旅游系统中的内生变量,用系统动力学方法,分析协调利益获取和分配、权利和义务、生态耗损和补偿等问题,初步构建各利益相关者之间的结构关系,为建立协调各方利益的参与机制提供理论参考。

Analysing from the famous system dynamics theory, we know the key to the sustainable development of ecotourism is to establish balanced mechanism of interest among respective stakeholders, thus forming an integrated accrete system. The paper focuses on the main stakeholders as inherent variables of ecotourism system and establishes the structure relationship model among five stakeholders, namely ： the government, community, conservation areas, tourist enterprises and ecotourists. Profits gain and distribution, rights and obligation ,eeo-eonsumption and compensation will be coordinated and analysed by means of system dynamics method. This will offer theoretical reference for establishing participation mechanism to coordinate benefits among stakeholders.