陆地棉产量组分对主要纤维品质性状的贡献分析

Analysis on Contribution of Yield Components to Main Fiber Traits in Upland Cotton(Gossypum hirsutum L.)

目的阐明陆地棉产量组分对纤维品质性状的贡献,指导纤维品质性状的间接选择。方法采用加性-显性-母性及其与环境互作的遗传模型,对5个陆地棉亲本及其F1代20个组合产量组分和3个主要纤维品质性状的2年资料,利用估算条件方差分量和预测条件遗传效应值的统计方法进行了贡献分析。结果3个产量组分对3个品质性状均有极显著的加性贡献(贡献率在12%～76%);铃重对马克隆值有较高的显性贡献(CRD=58%);铃数和衣分对纤维长度的母性遗传方差贡献率最高(CRM=100%),而铃重对纤维长度的母性效应却有抑制作用(CRM=-60%)。衣分对纤维长度的显性与环境互作遗传方差的贡献率、铃重和衣分对马克隆值的母性与环境互作遗传方差的贡献率较大(贡献率分别为CRDE=47%、CRME=56%和CRME=33%),衣分对纤维长度的母性与环境互作遗传方差却有较大的抑制作用(贡献率为CRME=-83%);铃数对纤维强度、铃重对马克隆值分别有较大的显性与环境互作抑制作用(贡献率分别为CRDE=-40%和CRDE=-87%)。对纤维品质性状加性、母性效应贡献最大的产量组分性状因不同亲本而异;亲本3的铃重、亲本5的铃数对其纤维长度的加性效应有最大的加性贡献,亲本3的铃数、亲本5的铃重对其纤维强度加性效应有最大的加性贡献,亲本3、5的铃数对其马克隆值有负向最大的加性贡献;多数杂交组合马克隆值的显性效应主要受铃重影响。结论陆地棉3个产量组分分别对3个品质性状各遗传组分的贡献率大小存在较大差异,并且不同组合及其亲本3个产量组分对3个品质性状不同遗传组分贡献的效应值因亲本和组合而异。

[Objective] An experiment was carded in 2003-2004 to elucidate the contribution from 3 yield components to 3 fiber traits for indirect selection fiber traits. [ Method ] Using additive-dominance-maternal genetic model （ADM model） which considered genotype x environment interaction effects （GE） in F1 intraspecific （Gossypum hirsutum L.） hybrids of （5×5） complete diallel cross for two years, the contribution ratios and contribution effects were analyzed from 3 yield components to 3 fiber traits. [Results] There were highly significant additive effects contribution from 3 yield component traits to 3 fiber traits （CRAS ranging from 12% to 76%）, and boll weight had high dominance contribution ratio on micronaire （CRD=58%）. Both boll number and lint percentage had most high maternal effects contribution ratio on fiber length （ CRM=100% ）, while boll weight had a constraint effect on maternal effects of fiber length （ CRM=-60% ）. There was a large contribution of dominance by environment interaction effects of lint percentage on fiber length, and maternal by environment interaction effects of boll weight and lint percentage on fiber length （CRDDE=47%,CRME=56% and CRME=33%） , and constraint maternal by environment interaction effects of lint percentage on fiber length （CRME= -83%）. There was a high dominance by environment interaction contribution effects of boll number on fiber strength and boll weight on micronaire （CRDES were CRDE= -40% and CRDE= -87%） . Any individual parent could have the most contributions of additive and maternal effects due to yield component traits on fiber traits. There were most additive contributions on fiber length of these parents from boll weight of parent 3, boll number of parent 5, and on fiber strength from boll number of parent 3 and boll weight of parent 5, and negative largest additive contribution on micronaire from boll number of parents 3 and 5. The dominant effects of micronaire were mainly influenced by boll weight for many crosses. [Conclusion] There existed large different contribution ratios from 3 yield components to 3 fiber traits, and any individual cross and parent could have the different genetic components contributions due to yield component traits on fiber traits.