30年密植免耕茶园茶树生长和茶叶品质调查研究

A Study on Growth of Tea Plants in a 30-year-old Dense, No-tillage Tea Garden and Quality of the Tea Leaves

对重庆市荣昌县30年密植免耕茶园茶树生长和茶叶品质调查分析,结果表明:茶树行间地面、蓬面、蓬内及其地面,这4者间的光照强度差异十分明显。土壤湿度行内比行间高27.6%,土壤pH值行内比行间低11.7%。茶树高度为65cm,其覆盖度为87%。一级骨干枝粗度行边比行内粗32.2%,其数量行边比行内多27.6%。春季发芽密度为2710个/m2,且依地势升高而显著降低。一芽二叶长为3.56cm,其百芽重为17.48g。春季一芽二、三叶蒸青茶样的游离氨基酸为3.91%,茶多酚为24.62%,儿茶素为127.60mg/g,咖啡碱为3.92%,水浸出物为44.78%,灰分为5.58%。产量产值仍处于较高水平,全年干茶产量为3000kg/hm2以上,年产值9452.10元/hm2。

An investigation was made on tea plant growth in a 30-year-old dense, no-tillage tea garden in Rongchang of Chongqing. The results showed that significant differences existed in light intensity at the ground surface between the rows, on the canopy surface, within the canopy and at the ground surface below the canopy. Soll humidity was 27.6% higher and soil pH was 11.7% higher within the rows than in the inter-rows. The tea shrubs averaged 65 cm in height with coverage of 87%. The thickness of the primary branches and its number was 32.2% and 27.6% greater beside the rows than within the rows, respectively. The density of spring sprouts averaged 2,710 buds/m^2 in the garden and decreased with the decline in elevation. ＂Two leaves and a bud＂ were 3.56 cm in length with a one-hundred-bud weight of 17.48 g. Determination of the biochemical composition of the steam fixation samples of spring ＂one/two leaves and a bud＂ indicated that they contained free amino acids 3.91%, tea polyphenols 24.62%, catechins 127.60 mg/g, caf- feine 3.92%, water soluble matter 44.78% and ashes 5.58%. Tea leaf yield remained at relatively high level, with an annual output of dried tea leaves of 〉3000 kg/hm^2 and an annual output value of 9452.10 yuan/hm^2.