大豆脂肪酸与主要农艺性状和品质性状的相关分析

CORRELATION ANALYSIS BETWEEN FAT ACIDS AND MAIN CHEMICAL AND AGRONOMIC TRAITS

以２５个高产大豆品系为材料，同时在８个生态地点进行试验，分别估算了各地点脂肪酸性状间以及其与蛋白质、脂肪以及二者总量的遗传相关；同时也估算了其与主要农艺性状的遗传相关。结果表明，亚麻酸、亚油酸及油酸之间的相关关系较稳定，在不同生态条件下表现较一致，都是亚麻酸与亚油酸呈极显著正相关，而油酸与二者都呈极显著负相关。在各点亚麻酸与生育期性状基本呈显著正相关，这表明生育期长的品系由于鼓粒期处于较低温度条件下，种子的亚麻酸含量也高。脂肪酸与主要农艺性状的相关在不同点表现都基本一致的较多，但多数未达显著水平。在所有点棕榈酸与百粒重都呈极显著正相关，这说明可以利用百粒重对棕榈酸进行间接选择，以降低饱和脂肪酸含量提高豆油品质。又由于棕榈酸基本上与亚麻酸呈极显著正相关，而且遗传较简单，因此，可以通过棕榈酸对亚麻酸进行间接选择。

high-yield soybean lines were grown at 8 locations correlations between fatty acids were estimated and correlation analysis between fatty acids and main agronomic and chemical traits were conducted, respectively. The results shown that correlations between oleic,linolenic and linolenic acids were very stable under various ecological conditions: linoleic acid was positively correlated with linolenic acid and both of then were negatively correlated with oleic acid. Basically positive correlations between linolenic acid and growing period traits indicated that lines with longer growing period tended to have higher linolenic acid content in seeds when seed filling periods were under lower temperature conditions.A lot of correlation coefficients between fatty acids and main agronomic traits were identical at varlous locations, but moot of them did not reach the statistically significant level.At all locations,a positive correlation was observed between palmitic acid and 100 seeds weight, which indicated that an indirect selection for lowering palmitic acid content and improving oil quality are feasible. As palmitic acid was positively associated with linolenic acid and inheritance of palmitic acid seemed to be simple,an indirect selection for lowering linolenic acid is possible through lower pelmitic acid selection.