选择性合成高纯度甘油单硬脂酸酯

Selective synthesis of glycerol monostearate with high purity

以硬脂酸甲酯和保护甘油的3-位羟基选择性地进行酯交换反应,再经过水解得到高纯度甘油单硬脂酸酯。探讨了除水方式、催化剂、反应温度、时间及原料配比对缩酮和酯交换反应的影响。合适的反应条件为:保护甘油与硬脂酸甲酯的摩尔比1.5∶1,催化剂K2CO3/硬脂酸甲酯1%(W/W),反应时间6 h,反应温度140℃。在较佳反应条件下产率达到91.2%。在酯交换反应后处理过程中选用乙酸乙酯代替乙醚做溶剂,提高了合成过程的可操作性。

Glycerol monostearate with high purity was synthesized by transesterification reaction of methyl stearate and 3-hydroxyl of protected glycerol and hydrolyzation. The influence of water-removing method, catalyst, reaction temperature and the molar ratio of material were investigated. The optimum reaction conditions were as follows ： the molar ratio of protected glycerol to methyl stearate 1.5：1 ,reaction time 6 h and temperature 140 ℃. Ethyl acetate were more suitable than ether as a solvent in the reprocess of the transesterification reaction.