不同时期异位妊娠发病相关因素的对比研究

Study on the relative factors of the onset of ectopic pregnancy in different periods

目的:探讨不同时期异位妊娠发病相关因素的差异,以探索切实可行的干预措施。方法:对我院1994年1￣12月间(前期组)178例和2004年1￣12月间(后期组)414例异位妊娠患者的发病相关因素进行了回顾性分析,包括发病年龄、婚姻状况、孕产史、职业分布、文化程度、既往病史和治疗情况等。结果:两组患者平均年龄差异无显著性,但后期组20岁以下及20￣25岁年龄段构成比显著增高;未婚女性由1994年的7.87%升高至2004年的28.02%,未育女性由1994年的35.96%升高至2004年的57.01%(P<0.01);职业分布农民的构成比明显下降,学生、个体、待业和干部等逐年升高;既往病史中前期组以安环史为主要病史,占69.67%,后期组中生殖道感染史和前次异位妊娠史显著上升,分别占61.83%和15.22%。结论:10年来异位妊娠的发病相关因素发生了变化,采取针对措施可以降低异位妊娠的发生率。

Objective： To investigate the preventive measures and relative factors of the onset of ectopic pregnancy in different periods.Methods： Retrospective analysis of the relative factors was made in 178 cases of ectopic pregnancy in 1994 （the first group） and 414 cases in 2004 （the second group）, including age, marital status, gravidity, parity, occupation, education and past history. Results： The ratio of ages under 20 years and between 20 and 25years in the second group was significantly higher than that in the first group, but the difference of average age between the two groups was not significant. The percentage of the unmarried and the nonparous was respectively 7.87% and 35.96% in 1994 group, 28.02% and 57.01% in 2004 group （P〈 0.01）. The number of farmers with ectopic pregnancy decreased markedly,while students, the jobless and staffs increased in number. According to past history, intrauterine device was the main factor in the first group （69.67%）, whereas the patients with pelvic infectious diseases （61.83%） and previous ectopic pregnancy （15.22%） increased in the second group. Conclusion： The relative factors of the onset of ectopic pregnancy changed in recent 10 years. To reduce the incidence of ectopic pregnancy, the preventive measures must be strenthened.