构建数量性状基因图谱的统计方法

Statistical Methods for Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci

随着分子生物学研究的迅速发展和人类基因组计划的深入,数量遗传学在数量性状基因(QTL)的定位方面正在经历着一场深刻的变化。人类和动、植物基因组计划的早期成果之一,就是建立人类以及实验、家养动物和栽培植物的遗传连锁图。利用这些连锁图,可以对许多QTL进行单个分离测定和定位。许多复杂疾病和许多具有重要农艺和生物学意义的性状都属于数量性状。在QTL定位的研究中,统计分析起着很重要的作用。近年来有许多新的统计方法相继提出,以提高定位多个QTL的功效和精度:本文综述这方面的研究进展,QTL定位是数量遗传学研究的一个很重要的组成成分,也是QTL克隆研究的一个必要前提。

Quantitative genetics is currently experiencing a revolution in the ability to map individual quantitative trait loci (QTL). This revolution is prompted by the rapid advancement of molecular biology and the human genome project. One of the early benefits of the human genome project and the plant and animal genome projects has been the establishment of genetic maps for humans and many experimental and domestic species. With these maps, it is possible to dissect, and locate into map positions, individual genes affecting quantitative traits which include many complex diseases and many agriculturally and biologically important traits. In mapping QTL, statistical analysis plays a vital role. Significant progress has been made in recent years on statistical methods to increase power and precision of mapping multiple QTL. This article reviews these statistical developments. Mapping quantitative trait loci has long been a very important aim in quantitative genetics. It is the prerequisite for map-based cloning of genes underlying quantitative trait variation.