中国野生大豆(Glycine soja)茎叶性状的多态性及其地理分布

Polymorphism and Geographical Distribution of the Stem and Leaf Characters of Wild Soybean (Glycine soja) in China

对5279份中国野生大豆资源主茎明显程度、叶形、茸毛颜色等茎叶性状的多态性及其地理分布进行了分析。发现在中国野生大豆资源中,主茎不明显、蔓生型基因型为主,叶形以卵圆形和椭圆形为主,茸毛色以棕色为主。并发现大豆籽粒大小与茎叶性状有密切关系,即随着大豆百粒重的增加,主茎明显、卵圆形叶、灰茸毛基因型所占的比例明显增加。

The polymorphism and geographical distribution of the degree of main stem significance, leaf shape and hair colour of 5279 wild soybean germplasms in China were analyzed. The data of 5279 samples collected in a nation-wide survey across the area delineated by 24-53°N and 97-135°E were used as quoted in the'Catalogue of Chinese Wild Soybean Germplasm'. The samples were divided into three types according to the wt. /100 seeds: wild type(wt. /100 seeds<2. 5 g), semiwild type Ⅰ (wt. /100 seeds 2. 51-5. 0 g)and semiwild type Ⅱ (wt. /100 seeds>5. 0 g). Seventy six micro-geographical regions were established, each covering two degrees of latitude and three degrees of longitude. The characters analyzed in this study include degree of main stem significance, leaf shape and hair colour. It was found that 23. 5% of genotypes have obvious main stem, while 67. 23% of the samples were of thetwining type. Most of the samples have oval (40. 58%) and elliptical (39. 06%) leaves. Most of the samples have brown hair, only 4. 72% of them have grey hair. There is a close relationship between wt. /100 seeds and stem and leaf characters, the ratio of genotypes with obvious main stem, oval leaf and grey hair increased as the wt. /100 seeds increased.