对王船山《唐诗评选》贬斥杜诗的辨析

Condemnation of Du Fu's Poetry in Tang Poetry Selection

王船山《唐诗评选》对杜诗多有贬斥,其所谴责的意见主要有:一是把杜甫揭露统治集团腐朽的诗斥之为“风雅一厄”;二是批评杜甫的叙事名篇为“于史有余,于诗不足”;三是指责杜甫既有一种“诞于言志”的“游乞”诗,也有一种只表一己“哀乐”的媚人诗;四是认为杜甫的讽刺诗是“讥时语开口便见”,而不如李贺“长于讽刺”,以及认为杜甫只“妙于取象”,而不如王维善于传神;五是否认杜甫的诗歌风格及在诗体创新上的成就。究其错评的原因,主要是基于船山以儒家的诗教原则及崇尚“神韵”的审美理想为衡量尺度所致。

Wang Chuanshan condemns to Du fu＇s poety in Tang Poetry Selection. The opinions can be concluded from five aspects. The reason of the condemnation is that the judgement standard of Chuanshan based on the poetic principle of Confucian school and the idealized aesthetic judgement of ＂poetic charm＂.