前苏联的林业土地复垦

Forest Land Reclamation in Former USSR

本文评述了前苏联林业土地复垦的概念和内涵、用于林业复垦的被破坏土地的生物适宜性评价系统。系统地总结了前苏联被破坏土地的土壤改良、促进人工林生长、乔灌木树种选择及人工林营造的先进技术。

Abstract To be a kind of most economical and reliable measure for the exploitation of the land damaged by the industry, land reclamation was widely used by the former USSR. This paper analyzes the land reclamation problem in the former USSR and its position and function in the protection of natural resources and overall reproduction system, which also commentes on the concept and connotation of the land reclamation in the former USSR and their used in the evaluation of land reclamation for biological suitability. Besides, their advanced technology on soil improvement, promotion for the growth of plantation, selection of arbor and shrub species and afforestation of plantation have been summed up systematically and their index system for evaluation of introduced benefit has also been introduced briefly. Their accumulated experience in this field shows that: defining the ecology, site condition and classification system of the damaged land, working out the technical scheme for the selection of arbor, shrub and grass species and the establishment of biological and ecological characteristics of the development of the plants, making full use of the soil improvement technology to improve the environment and planning the comprehensive measures for land reclamation are important work for land reclamation.