黄河健康生命的指标体系

Indicators of the Healthy Yellow River

河流健康是人们对河流生命存在状态的描述,是人类对河流向其提供服务的认可程度。通过分析人类和河流生态系统的生存需求,认为连续的河川径流、通畅安全的水沙通道、良好的水质、良性运行的河流生态系统和一定的供水能力是健康黄河的标志,提出用低限流量、河道最大排洪能力、平滩流量、滩地横比降、水质类别、湿地规模、水生生物、供水能力等8项定量指标作为健康黄河的标志,并根据相关的历史水文资料和1956￣2004年的实测数据分析,确定了相应的健康指标量值。

River＇s life is a process of hydrologic cycle which is carried out under certain direction and path, and represented by continuous flow in the river channel. Continuous water circulation is the key to keep the life of a river. The concept of river health is the description of river life status, and the river health conditions reflect human judgments on contributions of rivers to human society, or whether the river could function well to meet the requirement of people. The standard of river health is the balance or compromise of human benefit and other biological benefit in corresponding times and river reaches. By analyzing the requirements of mankind and river ecosystem, the healthy Yellow River symbols have been developed which are continuous flow, favorable riverbed, favorable water quality, acceptable river ecosystem and certain water supply capacity. Eight parameters, such as minimum flow, maximum flood discharging capacity, bank-full discharge, floodplain transversal slop, water quality degree, wetlands area, aquatic organisms and water supply are the vivid descriptions of healthy YR situation, and their ideal standards have been proved.