南通市黄瓜死藤病原鉴定与发病规律

PATHOGEN IDENTIFICATION AND DEVELOPMENT REGULARITY OF CUCUMBER STEM DEATH IN SUBURBS OF CITY NANTONG

１９９１～１９９４年间，研究结果表明，南通市的黄瓜死藤主要由黄瓜枯萎病［Ｆｕｓａｒｉｕｍｏｘｙｓｐｏｒｕｍ（Ｓｃｈｌ．）ｆ．ｓｐ．ｃｕｃｕｍｅｒｉｎｕｍＯｗｅｎ］与菌核病［Ｓｃｌｅｒｏｔｉｎｉａｓｃｌｅｒｏｔｉｏｒｕｍ（Ｌｉｂ．）ｄｅＢａｒｙ］所致。其中，露地黄瓜死藤主要是枯萎病所致、大棚黄瓜主要是菌核病和枯萎病所致，有些年份黄瓜疫病（ＰｈｙｔｏｐｈｔｈｏｒａｍｅｌｏｎｉｓＫａｔｓｕｒａ）也是致其死藤原因之一；发生规律为：３种病害的盛发期与高峰期虽不一致，但都集中在５～６月份，枯萎病始发与高峰出现时间的早迟主要取决于４～６月份棚温的高低；菌核病发生的轻重主要敢决于棚内５～６月份相对湿度的高低；连作、管理粗放可加重死藤发生；津研２号、津研７号等品种抗病性强，在病区可扩大种植。

The results obtained by tests and researches during 4 years of 1991～1994 showed that the main causal agents of cucumber stem death were two pathogens i. e. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cucumerinum and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Sometimes Phytophthora melionis was also a causal agent at a few places. The development regularity of diseases showed that the full occurrence and peak of stem death all appeared during the period from May to June. Early or late coming of occurrence and peak of wilt as well as severity of sclerotiniose were influenced respectively by temperature and relative humidity in plastic sheds during April to June. Continuous cropping and extensive management would aggravate disease development. Resistant varieties such as Jinyan No. 2, Jinyan No.7 et al. should be planted extensively in the disease regions.