哮喘儿童健康教育的开展及效果评价

Effect evaluation of health-education in adolescent with asthma.

目的为探讨哮喘儿童健康教育最佳模式,达到长期稳定控制哮喘发作,提高病人生命质量的目的。方法通过把46例明确诱因的哮喘儿童作为健康教育组,进行全面的健康教育,而将另外32例仅用药物治疗的作为对照组。并对其病程进展进行定时跟踪评估。结果健康教育半年后,患者及其家属对哮喘基本知识的掌握率达95%以上,病人首诊前有43例(93.48%)不能正确掌握气雾剂吸入法,46例(100%)不能正确使用峰流速仪,而症状缓解(出院)后有17.39%、23.91%不能正确演示,半年后只有8.69%、6.52%不能正确演示。健康教育组与对照组疾病控制比较有显著性差异。结论本研究提示哮喘儿童健康教育,对提高自我保健意识,建立良好的遵医服药行为,减少重复发病有十分重要的意义。

Objective To investigate the best health - education model for in asthma in order to reach to a stable non asthma recurrence for a long time and enhance the quality of life. Methods All 78 cases were divided into two groups as following：46 cases were health - educated group , of those patients were accepted whole health - education. While 32 of the control group, which just treated with some related drugs and all cases were followed - up and evaluated. Results The rate of patients and their families reached to 95 % obtained the basic knowledge about asthma, after half a year by the healthy education. Of 46 cases, 43 cases （93.48%） couldnt correctly use the inhalation by metered doses inhaler （MDI）, and 46 cases （ 100% ） couldnt correctly use Peak Flow Meter（PFM）. After treatment of asthma aggravation, The rates were respectively 17.39% and 23.91% incorrectly using MDI and PFM. The rates were respectively 8.69% and 6.52% after half a year. Compared with the control, there were obvious significance in the health - educated group. Conclusion It is obvious importance to enhance consciousness of self health - care, cultivate the good compliance and decrease the rate of recurrence asthma aggravation in children with bronchial asthma.