网络教学中支持元认知能力教学的新型知识模型

A New Knowledge Model Supporting Network Teaching of Meta-cognitive Capacity

借鉴认知科学的现代研究成果,文中提出知识应用模式的概念,显式区分基本知识(显性知识)和知识应用模式(隐性知识),给出一个基于模式及其建构的新型知识模型.基于该模型,不仅能实现基本知识的教学,更能实现元认知能力的教学,从而最终实现个性化网络教学目标.

The goal of a knowledge model is to define the type and structure of knowledge used in task execution. In network teaching, a knowledge model directly deducts think and theory of teaching and drives design of instructions, organization of teaching activity and test of teaching. Building of knowledge model must reflects the related teaching think and strategies. Referring to the modern research findings in the cognitive science, this paper proposes a concept of knowledge application pattern, explicitly differenced basic knowledge （explicit knowledge） and knowledge application pattern （implicit knowledge）, and gives a new knowledge model based on pattern and its construction. Using this model, one can implement the instructions of basic knowledge as well as meta-cognitive capacity. Finally, the goal of individual network teaching is reached. The theoretical model of network teaching is first discussed, and the principle and formal representation of the new knowledge model, and the construction policy and algorithm of individual cognitive discussed. Example and application analyses are presented.