试论对月球和其他天体的所有权

On the Ownership of the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies

近年来,国际国内都有人主张对月球和其他天体的所有权,并出售月球和其他天体的土地。本文从国内法、国际空间法的有关条约规定、国际法空间法学界的看法以及有关判例讨论了这个问题,最后得出结论:不仅国家不得将月球和其他天体据为己有,私人实体亦不得对月球和其他天体取得土地所有权和买卖其土地。按照外空条约第六条,国家必须履行其国际义务,在国内法上禁止私人占有月球和天体。

In recent years, some people either in China or somewhere else in the world claim their property rights to the Moon and other celestial bodies. The article discusses whether the claims are lawful according to national laws, space law treaties, views of space law scholars and the relevant jurisprudence. It concludes that not only States, but also private entities are forbidden to appropriate the Moon and other celestial bodies. Therefore, nobody is allowed to have real property right to the Moon and to sell lunar lands. States must fulfill their obligations, in accordance with Article 6 of the Outer Space Treaty, to prohibit real property rights in outer space.