雏鸭胸腺生长指标的动态观测及组织学观察

Dynamic measurement of growth indexes and histological observation of thymus of ducklings

通过对1～49日龄雏鸭胸腺发育的组织学观察及胸腺重量、胸腺指数和外周血T淋巴细胞α-醋酸萘酯酶阳性率(ANAE+)的测定,研究了雏鸭胸腺的生长及组织发育规律。结果显示, 胸腺重量随日龄增长逐渐增加;胸腺指数在28日龄时达最高;1～28日龄时外周血T淋巴细胞 ANAE+上升幅度较大;21～28日龄时胸腺小叶数量增多,并显著增大;28日龄时皮质部主要为小淋巴细胞;胸腺小体有3种形态。表明,雏鸭在1～14日龄时胸腺生长较缓慢,21～28日龄时生长十分迅速,28日龄时胸腺中大部分T淋巴细胞已发育成熟,35～49日龄时胸腺发育已趋于稳定; 胸腺小体是具有高度活性的结构,与清除退变上皮有关。

By using HE method and T lymphocytes in peripheral blood, the measuring weight and growth index of thymus and rate of ANAE^＋ growth and histological development of thymus of ducklings were studied from 1 to 49 days-old. The weight of thymus increased as the ducklings grew. The highest growth index of thymus was obtained for ducklings of 28 days old. The rate of ANAE^＋ T lymphocytes in peripher al blood increased obviously from 1 to 28 days old. The numbers of phocytes predominantly in the cortex on 28 days-old increased obviou thymic lobules with small sized lymsly. There were three types of thymic corpuscles. Results showed that the duckling thymus developed slowly from 1 to 21 to 28 days-old and steadily from 35 to 49 days-old. On 28 days-old, most T-lymphocytes reached thei rmaturation. The thymic corpuscles might be the sign of activation and is related with elimination of the degenerating cells.