金属材料的多层次力学行为

Multi-scale Mechanical Behavior of Metallic Materials

金属的变形与破坏是一个在多个层次上进行的复杂过程.微观层次上的材料行为决定了材料宏观行为的深层物理机制.介于宏观与微观层次的细观层次起着桥梁的作用.细观层次上的材料行为对于材料的宏观行为起着关键的作用.就金属行为的多层次描述方法、金属的多层次动力行为、非线性科学在描述金属行为中的应用、微分几何及规范场的应用及各种数值方法的模拟问题进行了初步的综述,并提出了一些需要进一步研究的问题.

The deformation and failure of metals are complex multi-scale processes. The behavior of materials at microscopic level determines the intrinsic physical mechanism of macroscopic behavior. The intermediate between micro-and macroscopic levels meso-scopic level plays a role of bridge. The behavior of materials at mesoscopic level is key to the macroscopic behavior. In this paper some aspects of the study of multi-scale behavior of metallic materials are reviewed, these aspects include the description methods at different levels, the multi-scale dynamic behavior of metals, the application of nonlinear dynamics in the description of the behavior of metals, the application of differential geometry and gauge field theory, and the application of different numerical methods at different levels. At last and the remaining issues in need of further research are proposed.