维持性血液透析患者39例营养状况分析及护理

Analysis of the nutriture and tactic of nursing care of 39 patients treated with maintenance hemodialysis.

目的对维持性血液透析患者的营养状况及其影响因素进行科学分析,探讨合理有效的护理措施。方法对39例患者进行营养学评估,采用膳食分析、人体学测量及生化指标的测定对可能影响患者营养状况的常见因素进行分析。结果患者均处于营养不良状态,主要由于蛋白质及能量摄入不足、透析不充分、未使用促红细胞生成素(EPO)等。结论重视维持性血液透析患者的营养不良情况,指导患者合理膳食,针对各相关因素全面落实护理措施,可改善患者的营养状况,提高患者的生活质量。

Objective ： To make a scientific analysis of nutriture of patients with maintenance hemodialysis and find out the affected factors in order to conduct reasonable and effective nursing care. Methods： The nutritional evaluation was made in 39 patients with hemodialysis to analyze the familiar factors which may affect the nutritional state of patients through meal analysis, physical check -up and biochemical measurement. Results： Most of patients were in malnutrition state and the main affected factors were less absorption of protein and energy, dialysis insufficiency and EPO was not used. Conclusion： The nutritional state of patients with maintenance hemodialysis should be paid much attention to and be given instruction on rational diet. The appropriate measures of nursing care on the basis of the analysis of affected factors can effectively improve patient＇s nutritional state and quality of life.