燃油电厂黑启动初期励磁涌流的数字仿真和试验研究

Simulation and experimental study on transformer excitation inrush current in black-start of oil-fired thermal plants

具有自启动能力的燃油电厂在广东地方电网黑启动中承担重要角色,但这些电厂常常在空充主变时受励磁涌流冲击而导致黑启动失败。电厂负荷和发电机控制系统的复杂性限制了精确解析方法在励磁涌流研究中的应用。该文利用电磁暂态仿真软件搭建了详细的燃油电厂模型,研究了黑启动初期励磁涌流对发电机稳定运行的影响及减少励磁涌流冲击的措施,其研究结论在现场试验中得以成功应用。

The oil-fired thermal plants, which are regarded as the important black-start sources in the Guangdong power grid, often fail in charging the idle-load transformers owing to the severe impacts of the excitation inrush currents. Because of the complexity of the load and the control systems, the quantitative analysis method is not suitable for the problem solving. In the paper, the explanation of the relevant mechanism is also provided, and the detailed model-based electromagnetic transient simulation is implemented to study the complex dynamic behaviors of oil-fircd thermal plant in the preliminary term of black-start. Besides the magnitude of inrush current, the simulation results show that the multi-machines and proper load connected with the generation will help reduce the impacts of transformer excitation inrush current on plants, which is verified by the field experiment.