输电线路带电作业的安全防护

Safety Protection for Live Working on Transmission Line

超高压输电线路,特别是特高压输电线路运行时产生的电场很强,故带电作业中的安全防护十分必要。分别讨论了输电线路带电作业中强电场、电流及静电感应对带电作业人员安全的影响;介绍了输电线路带电作业安全防护用具屏蔽服和静电防护服的原理及功能;讨论了≤500 kV输电线路带电作业中进入等电位人员体表场强规律,并针对安全影响因素对≤500 kV输电线路带电作业的安全防护进行了研究;在750 kV带电作业安全防护研究中,重点进行了750 kV带电作业用屏蔽服的试验研究,并对试验结果进行了分析,对衣服的屏蔽效率、电阻及制作特点等方面都提出了新的要求;针对1 000 kV输电线路电压更高、电场更强的特点,提出了1 000 kV输电线路带电作业安全防护的基本要求。研究结果可为超/特高压输电线路带电作业安全防护提供依据和技术支撑。

The electric field caused by EHV（Extra High Voltage） transmission line, especially UHV（Ultra High Voltage） transmission line in operation is very high, so the safety protection for live working is very necessary. The factors such as high electric field, current and electrostatic induction, which influence the workers＇ safety in live working on transmission line, are discussed in this paper. And the principle and function of the safety protection implements such as t screen clothes and electrostatic shielding clothes in live working on transmission line are also introduced. The rules of electric field strength on the workers＇ body surface are proposed when workers enter the potential in live working on 500 kV and below transmission line, and safety protection for live working on 500 kV and below transmission line are researched according to the factors influencing the workers＇ safety. In the research of safety protection for live working on 750 kV transmission line, the research of 750 kV screen clothes for live working is emphasized, and the test result is analyzed, the new requirements of screen efficiency, resistance and manufacture technology etc for 750 kV screen clothes are also proposed. According to the new characteristics of 1 000 kV transmission line that has higher voltage and electric field, the basic requirements of safety protection for live working on 1 000 kV transmission line is presented. The results of this experimental investigation provide technical support and are available for reference to perform live working for EHV and UHV transmission line.