生态环境对大豆子粒脂肪酸含量的影响

EFFECT OF ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS ON FAT ACIDS CONTENTS IN SEEDS OF VARIOUS SOYBEAN CULTIVARS

本试验以２５个大豆品系为材料，在东北三省８个地点同时进行试验，目的是研究生态环境对大豆脂肪酸含量的影响。结果表明，亚麻酸、亚油酸及棕榈酸表现出北高南低的变化趋势；油酸与之相反，北低南高；硬脂酸变化趋势不明显。５种脂肪酸都存在极显著品系×环境工作。各脂肪酸性状的地点变异系数与品系的变异系数都很接近，说明在此范围内生态环境对各脂肪酸表现型的影响基本上与品系间的遗传差异接近。各脂肪酸性状的地点相关分析表明，品系脂肪酸含量的相对表现在各环境下是基本相近的，虽然环境条件影响大豆的主要脂肪酸含量，但是其对脂肪酸含量的顺位影响不大，在一个地点高往往在其他地点也高，体现了品系遗传性的存在。同时也表明，在异地对适应当地品系的脂肪酸含量的选择也是有效的。

Twenty five soybean lines were grown at eight locations in three Northeast Provinces to study the effect of ecological environments on fat acids contents in seeds.The results showed that linolenic, linoleic and palmitic acid contents gradually increased from south locations to north locations. and the reverse was true for oleic acid content ,but there was no clear trend of geographical variatiod for Stearic acid content be line ×environment interactions were significant for all the fat acids. The nearly similiar CV(%) of place the CV(%) of line revealed that within these locations the effect of ecological envirnments on phenotypes of fat acids was basically the same as the genetic differences between lines .Although environment had some effects on fat acids contents,it did not largely influence their ranking under various environments .It also means that if fat acid content is higher at one location.the same is true at other locations, and this shows the existance of heredity of such traits the indicates that selection for fat acids in other environments should be effective for genetic improvement of lines adapted to the local enviroment.