组蛋白修饰在神经系统疾病中的研究进展

Progress of Histone Modification in Nervous System Disease

基因表达是一个受多因素调控的复杂过程。组蛋白是染色体的基本结构——核小体中的一个重要组成部分,其在N末端氨基酸残基上发生的乙酰化、甲基化、磷酸化、泛素化、多聚ADP糖基化等多种共价修饰作用。其改变染色质状态,使转录因子与组蛋白或DNA相互作用发生变化,从而发挥基因调控作用。神经系统中特异性的组蛋白修饰已经在多种神经系统疾病发病机制的解释及新型治疗方案的研究中得到应用。

Gene expression is a kind of complex process regulated by multiple factors. Histone is the important ingredient of nucleosome which is the basic unit of chromatin. Histone modifications are a number of covalent modifications including acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination and poly-ADP glycosylation in its N-terminal amino acid residue including. These modifications influence chromatin condition and change the interaction between transcription factor and histone or transcription factor and DNA, thereby regulate gene expression. In the recent few years, neurologic researchers have paid more attention to specific histone modification in nervous system. Some kinds of mechanism of modifications have been used to explain the pathogenesis of multiple nervous system diseases and to study neotype treatment prescription.