犬下肢深静脉血栓模型的实验研究

Establishment of deep venous thrombosis model in dogs with interventional technique

目的研究用介入技术建立一种能用于诊断及治疗的犬深静脉血栓动物模型,评价其技术可行性和稳定性。方法6只成年毕格犬,任意选择一侧髂股静脉为实验侧,另一侧为对照侧。DSA透视导引下经颈外静脉及股静脉途径分别将直径10mm与6mm的球囊导管置于髂总静脉近心端及股静脉远心端,充盈球囊阻断血流,并经导管注入凝血酶100u。1h后行超声检查,4h后抽瘪两端球囊退出导管,24h后行静脉顺行造影、肺动脉造影及病理检查。结果6只犬全部成功建立髂股静脉血栓。24h后动物均存活,未出现严重并发症。静脉造影及病理检查证实急性静脉血栓形成,血栓长度(5.68±0.50)cm。对照侧静脉内无血栓形成。结论介入技术建立的犬下肢深静脉血栓模型具有操作简单、创伤小、动物易存活、血栓形成快速可靠的优点,可用于深静脉血栓的影像诊断及临床治疗研究。

Objective To establish a new canine model of deep venous thrombosis that can be suited for the study of diagnosis and thrombolytic therapy, and to evaluate its feasibility and stability. Methods The unilateral iliofemoral venous thrombosis was formed in each of six beagle dogs ,and the contralateral iliofemoral vein was taken as control. Under fluoroscopic guidance,the balloon catheters with diameter of 10 mm and 6 mm were placed into the proximal part of common iliac vein and distal part of femoral vein through external jugular vein and femoral vein respectively. Then contrast agent was injected into the balloon to occlude the blood flow and followed by 100 u thrombin through the balloon catheter into the femoral vein. One hour later the iliofemoral veins on both sides were examined by the ultrasound and then the two balloon catheters were sucked and removed 4 hours later. Antegrade venography of both iliofemoral veins and pulmonary artery angiography were performed 24 h after withdrawal of balloon catheters. Finally the animal were sacrificed and the iliofemoral veins of both sides were taken out for pathological study. Results The iliofemoral venous thrombosis on experimental side was formed in all 6 dogs at 24 h without any severe complications. Antegrade venography and pathological examination confirmed the formation of acute venous thrombosis with segmental length of （5.68 ± 0.50）cm,but no thrombosis occurred in the control side. Conclusions The creation of deep venous thrombosis model in dogs with interventional technique is simple, microinvasive and reliable. The method does serve usefully for the research of imaging diagnosis and clinical therapy. （J Intervent Radiol, 2006, 15： 299-302）