医学生饮酒行为及其影响因素分析

Alcohol Drinking Behaviors and the Influencing Factors Among Medical University Students

目的 了解医学生饮酒行为的流行情况及其影响因素，为卫生及教育部门制定预防及干预措施提供依据。方法 采用自填式问卷，对2所医科大学学生饮酒行为的经历进行回顾性调查。结果 被调查的大学生总饮酒率为49．05％，男生为92．47％，女生为6．21％；随着年级的增加，饮酒率呈上升趋势；学生开始饮酒的年龄集中在13—18岁之间。大学生饮酒与个人因素、家庭环境、社会影响等多种因素密切相关。喜欢参加体育活动及母亲文化程度较高是学生饮酒行为的保护因素；而男性、18岁前曾被独自关在家中、目睹家庭暴力及父亲饮酒等则是学生饮酒的重要危险因素。结论 大学生尤其是男性大学生的饮酒问题不容忽视，亟待在大学生中全面开展相关健康教育。宣传饮酒危害和推广健康生活方式。

Objective To study the prevalence of alcohol drinking and the influencing factors, and to provide bases for the prevention measures. Methods A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted among medical students in two universities to investigate their alcohol using expefience. Results Total prevalence rate of drinking behaviors was 49.05 %, which was 92.47 % for male and 6.21% for female. The rate increased with the grades and the age of beginning drinking was 13 - 18 years old. Drinking behavior was related to personal factors, family environment and social influence. The protective factors to alcohol drinking were taking part in physical activities and higher level of mother＇s education, and the risk factors were male, leaving alone at home before 18 years old, witness family violence and father＇s drinking. Conclusion Drinking problem is serious among college students, especially among male ones. Health promotion program should be carried out to publicize the hazard of drinking behavior and healthy living styles.