学龄前儿童气质、智能与社会适应能力的相关分析

Relevant Analysis of Temperament,Intellectual Ability and Social Adaptability of Preschool Children

目的 了解不同年龄、气质、智能水平儿童的适应能力，为儿童社会适应能力的培养提供依据。方法 取549例3-6岁儿童，采用NYLS《3—7岁儿童气质量表》家长评定问卷（PTQ）、S—M社会适应能力量表、瑞文测试联合型（CRT）及PPVT法进行评定。结果 学龄前儿童的适应能力随年龄增加而增加，不同气质类型儿童的社会适应能力差异无统计学意义，适应能力与智商无显著相关。结论 适应行为和智力是两个独立的结构，反映了智力功能的不同侧面。易养型、中间偏易养型的儿童社会适应能力可塑性较大。

Objective To study the adaptability of children with different age, temperament and intellectual ability and to provide evidence for cultivating children＇ s social adaptability. Methods A total of 549 children aged 3 - 6 yeas were tested with Parent Temperament Questionnaire （ PTQ ）, S - M Social Adaptability Testing Form, combined Raven＇s Test （CRT）, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test （PPVT）. Results Proschool children＇s adaptability increased with age. There was no statistical significance of social adaptability in the children with different temperaments. There is no positively correlation between adaptability and intellectual quotient. Conclusion Adaptive behavior and intelligence are two independent structures, which represent the different aspects of intellectual function. As for social adaptability, the children of easy-nurture type. and middle close-easy-nurture type are more malleable.