地图学技术发展中的几点理论思考

Some Theoretical Concerns Along with the Development of Cartographic Technologies

文中分析总结了地图表达形式、价值能力、评价标准、设计者和使用者相互关系以及符号认知规律等的历史演变,提出在当今的全球网络时代,地图学理论工作者和地图系统研发者有责任重新定义地图的范畴并采用可用性作为地图的评价标准。就地图科学的发展趋势而言,作者以为3维仿真虚拟地理环境的普及给地图学提供了新的生长点,而正在兴起的3维非仿真虚拟地理环境将进一步保持和发扬传统地图的科学价值并使可视化技术走向可视化学。

The paper summarizes in an analytical manner the historical evolution of map typology, affordances, quality criteria, interrelationship between designer and user as well as cognitive characteristics of map symbols. In today＇s globalized web era, both cartographic theorists and technical developers should take the re sponsibility to redefine maps and promote the awareness of the necessity to evaluate cartographic systems in terms of usability. With regard to the further development of cartographic science, the author represents the opinion： the popularization of 3D photorealistic virtual geo-environments has substantially increased the vitality of cartography, while the emergence of 3D non-photorealistic virtual geo-environments will help preserve and enhance the scientific values of traditional maps and eventually facilitate the maturity of visualization from technologies to a science, i.e. visualistics.