蘑菇菌种害螨侵染途径的调查研究

INVESTIGATIONS ON THE FUNGI-PHAGOUS MITES AND THEIR INFECTION MODES IN MUSHROOM CULTURES

侵染蘑菇菌种的害螨主要有腐食酪螨Tyrophagous putresentiae、矩形拟矮螨Pseudopygmephorus quadratus、蘑菇拟矮螨P.agarici、费氏穗螨Siteroptes flechtmanni、食菌穗螨S.mesembrinae和兰氏布伦螨Brennandania lambi等,它们在菌种场环境中的分布相当普遍。在堆放的菌种中,菌种带螨率和含螨量以底层最高,上层最少,呈现自上而下增多的趋势。害螨侵入菌种有两条途径:①菌种培养期间,环境中害螨从地面爬入菌种,或经飞行昆虫携带或气流飘逸到菌种上;②接种时因工具或种源(原种)带螨直接引入。

The main fungi-phagous mites damaging to mushroom cultures in Hangzhou Area are Tyrophagous putresentiae, Pseudopygmephorus quadratus, P. agarici, Siteroptes flechtmanni, S. mesembrinae and Brennandania lambi, etc. They are widespread in the surroundings of edible fungi nursery. In the mushroom culture pile? the mite number increased with the downward culture tier. There are two invasion ways of mites into mushroom culture: (1)by crawl themselves, or carried by flying insects or airflow; (2)by the contamination of tools and stocks with mites during inoculation.