花菇形成的气象条件研究

RESEARCH ABOUT METEOROLOGICAL CONDTIONS FOR THE FORMATION OF QUALITY SHIITAKE

１９８７～１９９４年春，在湖北省保康县龙坪镇山区林特气候研究中心的段木香菇试验场，对花菇等级及其所对应的气象资料（共１６个例）进行系统的分析，结果表明：空气温度在５～１５℃，相对湿度５０％～８０％均能形成花菇。一级花菇形成的气象条件是：平均气温在１３℃附近，最高气温２０℃，最低气温７～８℃，平均相对湿度为６０％左右，白昼气温在１５℃以上，相对湿度４０％以下，夜间气温小于１０℃，相对湿度低于８０％，平均日蒸发量大于５．０ｍｍ以上。应用逐步判别方法，建立了花菇等级判别方程。

Through systematic analysis about the data of the grades of quality shiitake and meteorolgical factors observed from 1987 to 1994 in an experiment site-1200 m above sea level-in the western part of Hubei Province,the meteorological conditions for the formation of quality shiitake are revealed as follows,mean temperature is in 5～15℃ and relative humidity is in 50%～80%;The conditions for the formation of top-grade quality shiitake are that mean,maximum,and minimum temperature are near 13℃,20℃,and 7～8℃ respectively;mean relative humidity is near 60%;mean daily evaperation is>5.0 mm;and mean temperature and relative humidity in day hours are>15℃ and<40%respectively,and in night hours are<10℃ and<80% respectively. By using step-by-step differentiation method,a group of differentiation equations are obtained.They can help to grade quality shiitake formed in any site,any season and any controlled condition.