过失紧急避险的新思考

The New Thinking on the Necessity of Negligence

随着战后新过失犯理论的兴起,过失的紧急避险问题开始引起日本刑法理论上的关注。我国理论上对此问题较少涉及,学者们一般持否定态度。但根据相应的刑事立法以及紧急避险设立的根本宗旨,避险意思应作比较宽泛的理解,只要具有单纯避免危险的意思和认识到有可能会发生损害即可。因此,应该肯定过失紧急避险的成立。

As the development of the new negligence theory in postwar, the Japanese scholar of criminal law began to care for the necessity of negligence. However, the domestic scholar almost not pay any attention to it, and commonly take negative attitude. According to relevant criminal legislation and the fundamentality tenet, the intent of necessity should be explained in broad sense. That is, it only includes the intention of avoiding dangerous and the cognition of possibly making damage. So the necessity of negligence should be recognized.