兔耳增生性瘢痕模型建立方法的探讨

Discussion of the method to establish the hypertrophic scar model in rabbit ear

目的:探讨手术方法对兔耳瘢痕模型建立的影响。方法:建立三种兔耳皮肤创伤愈合模型,A组在切除兔耳皮肤的同时,切除皮下软骨及软骨膜;B组切除皮肤及软骨膜但保留软骨;C组只切除皮肤,保留软骨及软骨膜。对创伤愈合过程进行形态学和组织学观察,并在镜下测量瘢痕突出皮肤的高度。结果:①A、B、C三组平均创面愈合时间分别为(10.4±1.0)天、(17.8±1.6)天、(11.4±1.3)天,三组之间统计学比较有显著差异;②A、C两组伤后4～5天肉芽组织充满创面,B组在伤后第10天,肉芽组织开始在坏死软骨下向中心生长;③A、B、C三组瘢痕隆起高度为(1.20±0.56)mm、(1.68±0.73)mm、(1.15±0.50)mm,B组与A、C组统计学比较有显著差异。结论:保留软骨,切除皮肤和软骨膜能获得较大的瘢痕,可用于瘢痕治疗性实验;切除软骨形成瘢痕较小,可用于观察创面外用药物对瘢痕形成的影响。

Objective To investigate the effects of operation methods on scar formation in rabbit ear. Methods Three different wound healing models were established： removing skin, perichondrium and cartilage （group A）, removing skin and perichondrium（group B）, removing skin（group C）. The process of wound healing was observed morphologically and histologically. The elevating height of scar was measured under microscope at the peaks of scar formation. Results ①The mean value of wound healing time of group A, B and C was 10.4±1.0、17.8±1.6、 11.4±1.3 days respectively. ②The granulation of group A and C filled wound area at 4th-5th day after injury; The granulation of group B began to grow into the wound area under necrotic cartilage at 10th day after injury ③The mean value of elevating height of group A, B and C was 1.20±0.56、1.68±0.73、1.15±0.50 mm respectively. Conclusion Removing perichondrium and reserving cartilage results in big scar. This method was suggested when studying the effects of medicines on scar. Removing cartilage results in small scar, and was suggested when external use medicines on wound area to observe its effects on scar formation.