掌指骨髓腔内骨整合式纯钛种植体的设计及界面生物力学研究

The design and biomechanical study of osseointegrated titanium screw implants for medullary cavity implantation

目的:自行开发设计掌指骨髓腔内骨整合式纯钛螺旋状种植体组件,通过动物实验对种植体-骨组织结合界面进行生物力学研究,为临床中种植体式手指赝复体修复指缺损提供依据。方法:根据成人正常掌骨和近节指骨及其髓腔的解剖学测量及特点,借鉴Branemark螺旋形牙种植体,研制开发临床用于掌指骨髓腔内植入的骨整合式纯钛螺旋状种植体。将此种种植体植入家兔胫骨髓腔内,术后分别于2、4、8、12、16周处死动物取材,进行大体观察和抗拉力测试。结果:制备出适合于成人掌指骨髓腔内植入的骨整合式纯钛螺旋型种植体组件及配件,种植体与骨可以形成良好的骨性结合,术后12周种植体-骨界面结合强度达到最大,与术后16周无明显差异。结论:该掌指骨髓腔内骨整合式纯钛螺旋状种植体组件自行开发设计,符合我国成人正常掌骨和近节指骨及其髓腔的解剖学特点,髓腔内植入后12周可与骨组织发生骨整合,达到最大结合强度。

Objective To develop a type of titanium screw implants and study the interface shear strength between the tibias of adult rabbits and the implant,offer a clinical solution to repair multi-finger amputation. Methods On the basis of anatomical measurement of the medullary cavity of normal metacarpal and proximal phalanx and the Branemark dental implant systems, contrive a type of osseointegrated titanium screw implants for medullary cavity implantation independently. After implanted in the medullary cavity of tibia of rabbits,tissues of the executed animals after 2,4,8,12 weeks and 16 weeks of the surgery were obtained and general observation and biomechanical test were done. Results Work out a type of Titanium screw implants for medullary cavity implantation. And osseointegration between the implant and bone can be obtained after 12 weeks. Conclusion The type of osseointegrated titanium screw implants suitable for being implanted in the medullary cavity of metacarpal and phalanx were designed and improve multi-finger prosthesis. And good osseointegration can formed between tubal bone and titanium implant after 12 weeks of surgery.