早期鼻咽癌的治疗及进展

Treatment progression of early nasopharyngeal carcinoma

早期鼻咽癌的治疗不仅要考虑生存率,还要考虑患者的生存质量。采用外照射与腔内近距离放射治疗可以降低外照射剂量,减轻部分放射并发症。而调强放射治疗的应用,有更好的适形度和靶区剂量分布,不仅能提高肿瘤的局部控制率,从而进一步提高生存率,还能降低腮腺的剂量,从而降低口干的发生率,同时脑干、脊髓的剂量进一步降低。生物靶向治疗与放射的联合,对晚期鼻咽癌有一定的疗效提高,在早期鼻咽癌还需进一步研究。

The purposes of treatment of early nasopharyngeal carcinoma are to improve the survival rate and the quality of life. The combination of external beam irradiation with brachytherapy may decrease the dose of external irradiation, so the late radiation complication may be reduced. With the application of intensity modulated radiation therapy, there were more conformity and dose distribution to the target volume. It can increase the local control rate and further improve the survival rate. On the other side it can protect the surrounding normal tissue such as parotid gland, brain stem, spin.al cord, etc. The incidence of xerostomia can be reduced. So the quality of life was improved. The combination of irradiation with target therapy may improve the treatment outcome in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma, the role in early NPC will further be investigated.