交会对接杂散光分析及反杂光干扰措施设计

Effects of miscellaneous lights in space rendezvous and docking and the design of measures to suppress the interference of miscellaneous lights

在空间交会对接过程中,太阳等各种天体以及飞行器上零部件的辐射与反射都会影响CCD的成像,形成大量杂散光干扰。阳光效应是很多其它杂散光干扰的源,如果不采取特殊措施,标志灯的像点可能会全部被阳光效应所淹没。本文通过对阳光效应包括阳光直射、阳光斜射和阳光漫射效应的分析,提出了两项反杂光干扰措施:标志灯的发光器件工作在红外波段;在摄像机光路系统中安装特殊设计的窄带干涉滤光片。实验表明,上述反杂光干扰措施能够有效地滤除阳光、月光、星光、灯光以及其它非标志灯工作波段杂光的干扰。

In the optical imaging sensor of rendezvous and docking in space, the cameras fixed outside the cabin will be affected by the interference of all kinds of celestial bodies such as the sun, the moon and other stars and planets, and the radiation and reflection of many parts of spacecraft will also influence the imaging of CCD, which~ will form a lot of miscellaneous lights. Theoretic analyses and experimental researches show that the sunlight effects are the most serious interference, which is the source of many other miscellaneous lights. The image points of beacon lamps will be drowned by sunlight effects if special measures are not adopted. The sunlight effects including beating, slanting and defusing are deeply analyzed in this paper. Corresponding measures are put forward to suppress the interference of miscellaneous lights, and experiments are carried out to verify the correctness of the theory analyses.