清代政区治所迁徙的初步研究

The Study on the Seats Setting and Transition of the Administrative Division During the Qing Dynasty

治所作为行政区域的核心,其设置或迁徙过程中所考虑的问题和由此反映的政治理念,无疑也是当时行政区划建设思想的体现和重要组成部分。有关历史上政区治所迁徙的研究比较薄弱,对于清代政区治所迁徙到目前尚无人作全面深入的研究。本文通过详细探究有清一代的省会、府、厅、州、县等主要政区治所的迁徙及其发生原因,来研究清朝行政机构治所设置的指导思想和规律,总结治所迁徙的各种具体原因。

The seat is the core of administrative divisions, approaches and ideas through it＇s setting and transitions is a very important part or embody of administrative divisions idea at the time. In the history geography field, academic research of the seat is inadequate, it＇s almost a blank about the Qing dynasty to this day. This paper is about the seats of the five main kinds of the administration - provincial capital（省会）, Fu（府）, Ting（厅）, Zhou（州）, Xian（县）＇s transitions . The author attempts investigate reasons of the seats’ transitions in the Qing dynasty, and conclude the polestar and rules in setting the seats.