论刘鸿生的同业合并思想及其实践

On Liu Hong-sheng's idea and practice of trade amalgamation

19世纪末20世纪初,欧美乃至日本的企业界普遍发生了同业合并的浪潮。中国近代企业家及其他有识之士鉴于国外同业联合企业之强大势力,呼吁中国近代企业同业合并,其中最具有强烈同业合并意识并将之成功付诸实践的企业家便是刘鸿生。他在国际火柴托拉斯瑞典火柴公司摧毁性竞争之下,极力促成江浙实力最强的三家火柴公司合并,成立大中华火柴公司。在合并过程中采用董事会制度和分科集权制,克服了一般公司合并中治理权力的分配及管理集中的难题,最终使该公司发展成为全国范围的庞大的火柴托拉斯组织。

During the late 19th century and the early 20th century ,there happened a tide of trade amalgamation in Europe , America and even in Japan. In view of the great power of the foreign united corporate , the modern Chinese enterprisers , as well as other men of insight , called for Chinese trade amalgamation. Liu Hongsheng was the businessman who had strong idea of trade merger and carried it out successfully. Facing the destroying competition from the international match trust- Sweden Match Company, Liu Hongsheng tried successfully to make the three most powerful match companies in the Jiang- zhe province merge into Dachanghua Match Company.During resorting to the board system for the government and the division -centralization system for the management , the common difficulty of trade amalgamation was successfully overcome. The new company finally developed into a great match trust over China.