洞庭湖区植被景观格局数字化图的编绘

A Study of the Digital Mapping of Vegetation Landscape Distribution of Dongting Lake

为探讨洞庭湖地区的植被景观类型分布特征,采用手持GPS测绘了洞庭湖纯湖区湿地植被景观斑块边界与属性,用分解森林资源分布图上图斑的方法转换周边丘陵低山区植被景观格局的斑块边界与属性,根据景观生态学原理和景观制图要求,采用M apG is软体编绘了洞庭湖区3 965 957.201 hm2的1∶25万植被景观格局数字化图,建立了属性数据库.根据图和数据库分析,洞庭湖地区植被景观具有聚集分布特点:北中部以作物植被和湿地植被景观为主;东南部以油茶林景观为主;西南以楠竹林为主;西面以杉木林景观为主;其他植被景观呈镶嵌状分布.在植被类型景观不同分布区,斑块和底质异质互换.植被景观格局数字化图具有可视、联动、精度高、使用方便等特点.

In order to study the characteristics of the vegetation landscape distribution of Dongting Lake, the author adopted handheld GPS to survey and map the borders and attributes of the pure wetland vegetation landscape patches on the Lake, and changed the distribution pattern of the borders and attributes of the vegetation landscape on peripheral hills and low mountain areas by separating the patches from forest resources distribution map. According to the principle of landscape ecology and the requirement of landscape map-making, the author, by adopting MapGis software, compiled the digital vegetation landscape distribution on the 1：25 ten thousand scale in Dongting Lake, whose area is 3 965 957. 201 hm^2, and set up an attributes database. According to the map and database analysis, the vegetation landscape distribution of Dongting Lake has the following characteristics., the main vegetation landscapes are crops and wetland vegetation in the north middle, forests of tea-oil camellias in the southeast, bamboo groves in the southwest, forest landscapes of China firs in the west. The distributions of other vegetation landscapes take the inlay forms. In different distributing areas of vegetation landscape types, patches and ground floors are different and exchanged heterogeneously. The digital vegetation landscape map has the following characteristics ： it is visible, mobile to links, and of high precision and convenience.