基督教与儒家群己论比较研究

A Comparative Study of the Theories on the Relation of Individual and Society of Christianity and Confucianism

基督教认为,人是“属灵的人”,又是“社会的人”;而在儒家看来,人是完整的“社会的人”。基督教把人的社会价值的依据归于上帝,否定社会价值的独立性;而儒家直接肯定人的社会价值,并将其看作是个人价值的实现。但这种超越层面的“异”落脚到具体的实践中,二者群己关系论却表现出很大的“同”。首先,二者均怀忧国忧民情怀,力求救国救世;其次,二者均肯定个人的社会价值,重视“兼善天下”;第三,二者均倾向于从个人修养和贡献社会两方面来完成个人的社会责任。

In Christianity, human is both a spiritual existence and a social one. In Confucianism, human wholly is a social existence. Christianity does not think that society has an independent value because God is the ultimate source of value in the world. Confucianism thinks that social value is important and it is the realization and embodiment of individual value. The two have great differences in theory, while in the aspect of practice they have similarities. Firstly they advocate to join the society, and to save the country. Secondly they think the individual have social value. And last they try to combine individual ethic culture and responsibility to society in order to realize the individual＇s social responsibility.