国外实施技术性贸易壁垒的新动向及我国的应对措施

The New Trend of Technical Barriers to Trade in Developed Countries and China's Countermeasures

技术性贸易壁垒(TBT)作为一种无形的非关税壁垒,正日益成为国际贸易中最棘手、最难应付的贸易障碍之一,并正在对我国的出口贸易产生显著的影响。而技术标准作为发达国家实施TBT的重要手段之一,已成为当今国际经济竞争的制高点。技术标准不仅是保护国内市场的标志,而且是争夺国外市场、提高国家竞争力的有力手段,是国家利益和价值观念的载体。近年来,发达国家为了保护自身利益、限制他国发展,纷纷制定和实施标准化战略。本文首先分析了现阶段美国、日本和欧盟的主要技术标准壁垒及其标准化战略的新动向,在此基础上,从宏观和微观两个层面提出了我国应对国外技术标准壁垒的战略措施。

As a kind of intangible non-tariff barriers, Technical Barriers to Trade have remarkable influences on the export trade of China. And nowadays, as one of the important TBT means in developed countries, technical standards have become the key point in international economic competition. Developed countries have been making out and implementing the strategy of standardization in order to protect their own interests and prevent other countries developing. At first, this paper analyzes the main technical standards barriers and the new trend of the strategy of standardization in EU, the United States and Japans. On this foundation, this paper puts forward the strategic measures on how to reply foreign technical standards barriers for our country from macroscopic and microcosmic levels of view.