民族习惯法中的“阿舅形象”考察——以我国某些少数民族的习惯为个案

Avunculate in the civil rule——make the minority customs for the center

产生于母系氏族社会的舅权曾经是社会权力结构中的重要组成部分,在氏族中舅舅对外甥享有绝对的权力,包括社会规则、生产技能、生活知识等各个方面,舅权对氏族中男性公民的塑造具有不可替代的作用。在母系氏族社会向父系氏族社会转化的过程中,舅权起到了桥梁的作用。当以男性为中心的社会结构最终确立的时候,舅权变得日益弱化了,但并没有马上消亡,而是与父权一道在维持社会的平衡当中发挥着作用。本文即拟通过对我国少数民族当中普遍存在的的舅权现象进行分析,从舅权在民间规则当中的多种体现、舅权产生并存在的原因和舅权的特点三个方面对舅权进行阐述。

Avunculate issued from the matriarchal society has ever been a important function of the social power structure. In the clan uncle possessed absolute power over the nephew, presented in the social rule, technical ability in producing, knowledge in life etc. Avunculate had the unsubstantiated status in figuring the male citizen mold. In the transition from matriarchal society to clan society Avunculate took the role of bridge. When the man-center society had been set up , Avunculate became weaker and weaker, but had not been died out. It still exerted in maintaining the balance of the society with thepatenity. The article an- alyze the ubiquitous phenomenon in the minority in our country from three aspects, the manifold embodiment in the civilian rule of the, the reasons of the Avunculate bringing and subsisting, the characteristics of Avunculate.