汉英词典词类标注对译义准确性的影响调查

An empirical study of the influence of POS labeling on translation accuracy in C,E dictionaries

近年来,词类标注成为汉英词典编纂的热点,但是词类标注对于汉英词典准确译义究竟是否有积极影响尚缺相关的实证研究。本文就6部已标注词类的汉英词典和6部未标注词类的汉英词典对30对常用反义词的译义处理进行了调查。调查发现,从历时上看,两类汉英词典在义项数和功能义项数上都呈上升趋势,但已标注词类的汉英词典在义项数和功能义项数方面都显著高于未标注词类的汉英词典,而在功能义项数方面尤为明显;已标注词类的汉英词典在词目译义的准确性方面显著高于未标注词类的汉英词典,在综合译义的准确性方面前者也略高于后者。因此,显性的词类标注有助于汉英词典的编译者提高汉英词典译义的准确性。

In recent years, POS labeling has become a hot issue in the compilation of Chinese,English dictionaries, though no empirical study has been conducted on whether POS labeling is conducive to translation accuracy. This paper made an investigation into the translation of 30 pairs of commonly used antonyms between 6 labeled C,E dictionaries and 6 unlabeled ones. It was found that, historically, the number of senses and functional senses increased in both types, but there were significantly more senses and particularly functional senses in labeled dictionaries than in unlabeled ones. It was also found that the translation of entries or senses in labeled C,E dictionaries was significantly more accurate than in unlabeled ones while the comprehensive translation accuracy of the former was slightly higher than that of the latter. Therefore, it is concluded that explicit POS labeling has a positive influence on translation accuracy in C,E dictionaries.