急性白血病医院感染影响因素的病例对照研究

Factor affecting nosocomial infection in acute leukemia patients:a case-control analysis

目的探讨急性白血病(AL)医院感染(N I)的危险因素,为N I预防措施的制定提供客观依据。方法对311例AL患者进行回顾性研究,填写统一的个案登记表。其中144例为N I组,167例无任何感染者为非N I组,两组资料进行单因素χ2检验后,用非条件Log istic回归模型进行多元分析。结果N I发生率为46.3%(144/311),例次发病率为51.4%(160/311);多因素分析结果显示,年龄、糖皮质激素、外周血中性粒细胞绝对计数、化疗周期、住院天数、治疗阶段、近期感染和住院季节是N I的独立危险因素。结论对住院AL患者,应针对上述独立的危险因素采取预防措施,减少N I发生。

[Objective] To investigate nosocomial infection risk factors in acute leukemia and provide basis for its prevention. [Methods] A retrospective review of the medical records of 311 patients with acute leukemia was performed. 144 cases were regarded as nosocomial infection group （NI group）, the other 167 cases without any infections as non-NI group. The data were analyzed with the single factor X^2 test and multifactor logisticregression analysis. [Results] The incidence of nosocomial infection was 46. 3% （144/311） in NI group. The results showed that age, corticosteroids therapy, absolute neutrophil count in peripheral blood, cycles of chemotherapy, length of hospitalization, stages of treatment, the latest infections and seasons of hospitalization were independent risk factors of nosocomial infection. [Conclusions] In order to reduce the nosocomial infection in patients with acute leukemia, measures should be taken to control the aforementioned independent risk factors.